{"id":2915,"date":"2023-11-24T18:06:50","date_gmt":"2023-11-24T18:06:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.brcc.kz\/?page_id=2915"},"modified":"2025-03-13T14:15:47","modified_gmt":"2025-03-13T09:15:47","slug":"eagles-of-the-palearctic-abstracts-s2_376-381_nikolenko","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.brcc.kz\/en\/projects-and-plans\/eagles-of-the-palearctic\/eagles-of-the-palearctic-abstracts-s2_376-381_nikolenko\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cBirds and Power Lines\u201d in Russia: the USSR Heritage, Modern Achievements, and Issues"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\t\tThird International Scientific and Practical Conference \u201cEagles of the Palearctic: Study and Conservation\u201d\n\t<\/h1>\n

\n\t\tRaptors Conservation. Suppl. 2. Proceedings of Conferences\n\t<\/h2>\n\t

\u201cBirds and Power Lines\u201d in Russia: the USSR Heritage, Modern Achievements, and Issues<\/h4>\n

Nikolenko E.G., Karyakin I.V. (Russian Raptor Research and Conservation Network; Sibecocenter LLC, Novosibirsk, Russia)<\/em><\/p>\n

\nContact:<\/strong><\/em>
\nElvira Nikolenko elviranikolenko@gmail.com<\/a><\/em>
\nIgor Karyakin ikar_research@mail.ru<\/a><\/em>
\nRecommended citation:<\/strong><\/em> Nikolenko E.G., Karyakin I.V.\u00a0<\/i>\u00ab\u041f\u0442\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u041b\u042d\u041f\u00bb \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438: \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0435 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420, \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b. — \u041f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u0438\u0449\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430. 2023. \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0432\u044b\u043f. 2. \u0421. 376-381.\u00a0DOI:<\/strong>10.19074\/1814-8654-2023-2-376-381\u00a0URL:<\/strong>\u00a0http:\/\/rrrcn.ru\/en\/archives\/35149<\/a>\n
\n

\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u00ab\u041f\u0442\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u041b\u042d\u041f\u00bb \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0413\u041e\u042d\u0420\u041b\u041e (\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u0432 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u0432 1920 \u0433. \u0422\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0430 10 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0448\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 (\u041b\u042d\u041f) \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437, \u043d\u043e \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0442\u0438\u0446. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u041b\u042d\u041f \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u043e \u0448\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 — \u0432 70 \u0433\u0433. XX \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430. \u0412\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043a \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0438\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0442\u0438\u0446 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n

\u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0438 \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u041b\u042d\u041f, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 (\u041f\u0417\u0423). \u042d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u00ab\u041f\u0442\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445\u00bb \u0432 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u041a\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430 \u0432 1980 \u0433. (\u041f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432, 1980), \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430, \u0411\u043b\u043e\u0445\u0438\u043d, 1981; \u0417\u0432\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u041a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432, 1981; \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438\u043d, \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430, 1982). \u0421 1981 \u0433. \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0446\u043e\u0432: \u041f\u0417\u0423 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 — \u00ab\u0443\u0441\u044b\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0434\u044b\u00bb \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b (\u0421\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442, 1985). \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0442\u0438\u0446, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 4 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u00ab\u0443\u0441\u044b\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0434\u044b\u00bb \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e (\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435…, 1989), \u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n

Therefore, the USSR recognized the problem, yet chose the wrong solution. It is important that plastic was not so widespread at the time, and cables were covered with rubber and were very expensive.<\/p>\n

In the wake of Perestroika, the public environmental movement intensified in the USSR: ideological environmental activists \ncame to the updated state system. Thanks to them, laws and other regulatory documents appeared in Russia, which made it possible to manage the situation and take measures to protect birds on the national scale. In 2003, the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation directly prohibits the use of PL supports with pin insulators in habitats of large birds in the Rules for the Construction of Electrical Installations. And, despite this, reconstructing many thousands of kilometers of PLs looked like a fantastic task, and the accepted requirements were ignored by organizations subordinate to the Ministry of Energy. Moreover, bird-hazardous structures were widely installed until the 2010s.<\/p>\n

\u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438 — \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0412 2005-2008 \u0433\u0433. \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u041f\u0417\u0423 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n

In those years, it was important to convince power engineers to equip PLs with BPDs. The experience of the Volga region (see Bakka, Kiseleva, this collection) formed the basis of our work in Siberia, in the Altai-Sayan region, an enclave of many rare raptor species, and later \u2013 in Transbaikal. This was the most active period of the detailed research of the issue: depending on the geographical location, natural environment, state of different raptor populations. Several groups carried research simultaneously in different regions of Russia (Dwyer\u00a0et al<\/i>, 2023). Dozens of publications appeared: only in 2011\u20132012, 19 scientific articles were published showing the results of studying bird mortality on PLs in 13 administrative regions of the Russian Federation. Ornithological conferences were held to develop recommenda tions and adopt resolutions to address this issue. A well-drafted complaints to the prosecutor's office, accompanied by PL inspection and bird deaths reports, almost invariably led to prosecutor\u2019s office issuing an order to eliminate violations.<\/p>\n

In 2011, according to our recommendations, the \u201cInterregional Distribution Grid Company of Siberia\u201d (now a branch of the \u201cRosseti\u201d PJSC) drew up a 10-year plan for equipping PLs with BPDs in seven regions of Siberia. Thanks to the recommendations, equipment was installed in the highest priority areas that are relevant for the conservation of rare bird species nesting groups. In general, in Siberia (Altai-Sayan region and Transbaikal) more than 10,000 km of PLs have been made safe for birds, and rare raptor mortality has decreased by 60\u201370% according to the most conservative estimates after this.<\/p>\n

\u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438-\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e. \u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u00ab\u041c\u0422\u0421\u00bb \u0432 \u0410\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0435-\u0421\u0430\u044f\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 3 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u041b\u042d\u041f \u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u0410 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0420\u0424 \u0441 \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u041a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u043c, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c — \u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432!<\/p>\n

\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e, \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u041f\u0417\u0423, \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0451\u0448\u0435\u0432\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b. \u0422\u0430\u043a, \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u041f\u0417\u0423 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 — \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u00ab\u0435\u0436\u0438\u00bb, \u0438\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0440\u043b\u0430, \u0438 \u0434\u0440.<\/p>\n

This issue was solved in 2015, when \u201cRosseti\u201d PJSC adopted a standard developed by the working group of Nonprofit Partnership \u201cElektrosetizolyatsiya\u201d under pressure by activists: STO 34.01- 2.2-010-2015 \u201cBird protection devices for overhead power lines and open substations\u2019 switchgears. General technical requirements\u201d (as amended in 2017: STO 34.01-2.2-025-2017 \u201cBird protection devices for overhead power lines and open substations\u2019 switchgears\u201d), which set strict requirements for the quality of plastic and structure efficiency. Similar standards have been adopted by other large industrial companies.<\/p>\n

Since 2014, state began to pressure environmental activists in Russia: writing letters to the prosecutor\u2019s office has become dangerous. However, last 25 years of efforts have made the process more or less autonomous: regulations dictate the need for power engineers to use BPDs, forming a permanent state demand, several BPDs manufacturing companies create healthy competition for each other. This gives hope for the use of BPDs, self-insulated wire (SIW), poles without traverses and composite traverses on PLs, as well as underground cable lines, to become the norm.<\/p>\n

Key issues that are relevant today:<\/p>\n1. The use of high-quality plastic, which would have a long service life (no less than 10 years) in the conditions of Siberia, where daily temperature changes reach 30 degrees, and also would be resilient to pressure of eagle talons that crumble caps made of \u201cweak\u201d plastic in one season;
\n2. It is necessary to introduce new and\/ or less common technologies in PL structures: composite traverses, traversless supports made of treated wood, which last several times longer than untreated wood, suspended insulators with umbrellas on traverses with a distance between currentcarrying and grounded elements of one meter or more;
\n3. \u041f\u0417\u0423 — \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0418\u041f \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c;
\n4. Design companies still offer birdhazardous designs with pin insulators to power engineers, firstly, because regulatory authorities (for example, Rostekhnadzor) are not interested in solving the problem, and secondly, thanks to corruption, favorable conditions are created for the implementation of dangerous and lowquality projects, including those that violate Russian legislation.\n

\"\"<\/a>

Eagle electrocuted on the bird-hazardous power line support not equipped with bird protection devices. Photo by I. Karyakin.<\/p><\/div>\n

","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

III \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044f \u00ab\u041e\u0440\u043b\u044b \u041f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438: \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u00bb \u041f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u0438\u0449\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430. \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a 2. \u0422\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0441\u044b \u00ab\u041f\u0422\u0418\u0426\u042b \u0418 \u041b\u042d\u041f\u00bb \u0412 \u0420\u041e\u0421\u0421\u0418\u0418: \u041d\u0410\u0421\u041b\u0415\u0414\u0418\u0415 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420, \u0421\u041e\u0412\u0420\u0415\u041c\u0415\u041d\u041d\u042b\u0415 \u0414\u041e\u0421\u0422\u0418\u0416\u0415\u041d\u0418\u042f \u0418 \u0412\u041e\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0421\u042b \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u042d.\u0413., \u041a\u0430\u0440\u044f\u043a\u0438\u043d \u0418.\u0412. (\u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0445\u0438\u0449\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432; \u041e\u041e\u041e \u00ab\u0421\u0438\u0431\u044d\u043a\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u00bb, \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a, \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f) \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442: \u042d\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e elviranikolenko@gmail.com \u0418\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044c \u041a\u0430\u0440\u044f\u043a\u0438\u043d ikar_research@mail.ru \u0420\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430: \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u042d.\u0413., \u041a\u0430\u0440\u044f\u043a\u0438\u043d…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"parent":2069,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2915","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00ab\u041f\u0422\u0418\u0426\u042b \u0418 \u041b\u042d\u041f\u00bb \u0412 \u0420\u041e\u0421\u0421\u0418\u0418: \u041d\u0410\u0421\u041b\u0415\u0414\u0418\u0415 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420, \u0421\u041e\u0412\u0420\u0415\u041c\u0415\u041d\u041d\u042b\u0415 \u0414\u041e\u0421\u0422\u0418\u0416\u0415\u041d\u0418\u042f \u0418 \u0412\u041e\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0421\u042b - BRCC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.brcc.kz\/en\/projects-and-plans\/eagles-of-the-palearctic\/eagles-of-the-palearctic-abstracts-s2_376-381_nikolenko\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00ab\u041f\u0422\u0418\u0426\u042b \u0418 \u041b\u042d\u041f\u00bb \u0412 \u0420\u041e\u0421\u0421\u0418\u0418: \u041d\u0410\u0421\u041b\u0415\u0414\u0418\u0415 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420, \u0421\u041e\u0412\u0420\u0415\u041c\u0415\u041d\u041d\u042b\u0415 \u0414\u041e\u0421\u0422\u0418\u0416\u0415\u041d\u0418\u042f \u0418 \u0412\u041e\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0421\u042b - BRCC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"III \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044f \u00ab\u041e\u0440\u043b\u044b \u041f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438: \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u00bb \u041f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u0438\u0449\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430. \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a 2. \u0422\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0441\u044b \u00ab\u041f\u0422\u0418\u0426\u042b \u0418 \u041b\u042d\u041f\u00bb \u0412 \u0420\u041e\u0421\u0421\u0418\u0418: \u041d\u0410\u0421\u041b\u0415\u0414\u0418\u0415 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420, \u0421\u041e\u0412\u0420\u0415\u041c\u0415\u041d\u041d\u042b\u0415 \u0414\u041e\u0421\u0422\u0418\u0416\u0415\u041d\u0418\u042f \u0418 \u0412\u041e\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0421\u042b \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u042d.\u0413., \u041a\u0430\u0440\u044f\u043a\u0438\u043d \u0418.\u0412. (\u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0445\u0438\u0449\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432; \u041e\u041e\u041e \u00ab\u0421\u0438\u0431\u044d\u043a\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u00bb, \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a, \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f) \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442: \u042d\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e elviranikolenko@gmail.com \u0418\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044c \u041a\u0430\u0440\u044f\u043a\u0438\u043d ikar_research@mail.ru \u0420\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430: \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u042d.\u0413., \u041a\u0430\u0440\u044f\u043a\u0438\u043d…\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.brcc.kz\/en\/projects-and-plans\/eagles-of-the-palearctic\/eagles-of-the-palearctic-abstracts-s2_376-381_nikolenko\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"BRCC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/brcc.kz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-03-13T09:15:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.brcc.kz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Logo2.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"347\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"158\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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